Literary Links | Period Acting Style | Historical Costume Sources | Stage Combat | Period Set Design | Ballet and Period Dance | Oberlin Historical Research Bibliography

Literary Links
Mr. William Shakespeare and the Internet
Before Otello there was Othello.  Before Romeo et Juliette there was Romeo and Juliet.  Discover the world of the Bard, read his complete works, or research the Globe.

Norse Mythology
Der Ring des Niebelungen weaves a complex tale spanning four operas and a few generations.  Who can really keep all of those Norse gods straight?  Before you crack your score, make sure that you know who's who.

Greek Mythology Link
Singing opera seria?  Then you probably are involved in a tale from Greek mythology.  This reference site has everything you need to fully understand the world of Greek gods, monsters, and mortals.

Dramatis Personae: Greek Dramatic and Mythological Characters in Opera (Printable PDF file)
A massive listing of Greek Dramatic and Mythological characters found in opera written by Oberlin professor Victoria Vaughan.  An alphabetical listing by character name that also contains alphabetical details of composers, date of composition and title of opera, with supporting notes where available.  Information on source texts, principal authors, and other works, as well as a bibliography.  Note: This link is to a PDF file.  To view PDF files, you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader.  Don't have Adobe Acrobat Reader? Download it here.

The Sandman
A short story by E.T.A. Hoffmann, subject of Offenbach's Les Contes d'Hoffmann.

Operas, Musicals, and Their Sources 
Found within a mezzo-soprano's personal homepage, this resource explores the literary roots of operas.  Thorough bibliographies of certain stories can also be found (i.e. Faust and Don Juan).  To find this resource click the link above and scroll down the page a bit.

Don Giovanni in Literature
A collection of eleven complete e-texts of the Don Juan story found in classical literature.   

La Dame Aux Camelias
An English translation of the complete text the Alexandre Dumas novel that would later become the basis of La Traviata.

Manon Lescaut
The complete text of the Abbe Prevost's novella about the life the young Manon.  This work is the basis for Puccini's Manon Lescaut and Massenet's Manon.

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Period Acting Style

Commedia dell'Arte: Italian Mask Theatre of the Renaissance
A look at Commedia dell'Arte and it's characters. A resource for performers interested in slapstick, pantomime, physical theatre and improvisation.

Lazzi
A short illustrated guide of lazzi, the physical comedy of commedia dell'arte.  These sight gags went on to become the slapstick of today.

The Language of the Fan
An interesting page covering the subtle language of the handheld fan.  Compiled by a fan manufacturer, this page is a great reference for much of the late Classical and Romantic era operas. 

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Historical Costume Sources

The History of Costume
The on-line version of The History of Costume as published by Braun and Schneider in the late 19th century.  The full text and image plates are available to view.

The Costume Page
A listing of over 2,000 costume-related links, including costume history and a costume museum.

Milieux- The Costume Site
A thorough listing of historical costume resources from "Ancient Egyptian robes" to "What is a codpiece." 

The Costume Gallery
This site's "Library" contains reference materials of great scope.  Three reference "shelves" include fashion articles, costume portfolios, and period resources.

Medieval Clothing
Background, illustrations, and instructions regarding many facets of medieval costume.  Although intended for costumers, this site is invaluable to students interested in studying the period or creating their own medieval garb.

Elizabethan Costume
Everything you ever wanted to know about clothing in the Elizabethan Era.  Articles on underclothes, dress patterns, and hats only hint at the completeness of this site.  Great pictures and diagrams accompany most of the text.

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Stage Combat

Stage Combat 101
Learn the very basics of rapier combat with this informative resource.  After you have reviewed the technique of rapier combat, stage your own fight using the sample fight choreography provided.  Note: These are only very basic techniques of combat.  Before engaging in your own stage combat, it is highly recommended that you work with a trained professional, so as to insure the highest level of safety possible

The Society of American Fight Directors
The main organization in the US promoting safe stage combat in theater.  While it would be nice to be able to learn stage combat from a web site, such a site is rare. The SAFD's site, however, contains information about modern stage combat training standards, the group's history, and combat links.

Glossary of Stage Combat Terms
The terminology of Stage Combat, according to the SAFD.

Stage Blood Recipes
For that added touch of realism to any opera, just add a little stage blood.  These relatively simple recipes are good enough (and safe enough) to eat.

Giacomo di Grassi: His True Arte of Defence
The complete text of a 16th century fencing manual.

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Period Set Design

The History of Stage Design and Lighting
Brief, yet informative articles discussing the development of theatrical design from Ancient Greece to the twentieth century.

Period and Style for Designers
This is a superb collection of images used by Hugh Lester of Tulane University in his courses for designers. Covering mainly buildings with some decorations and furniture, they are arranged by period. These include English Medieval, Early Gothic, English Gothic, and English Renaissance.

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Ballet and Period Dance

Renaissance Dance
Here you will find information on everything to do with European dance from the 15th to early 17th centuries.  A very complete listing of resources on period dance.

Dance History
Artslynx.org's dance links page with a large section devoted to dance history.  Find links for the history of pointe shoes, a ballet timeline, a history of Chinese dance, along with many other items.

Classical Ballet- A History of the Art
A brief explanation of the history of ballet accompanied by many useful links for further study.

Historical Dance on the Internet
Links to historical dance resources on the internet.  Part of the Institute for Historical Dance's homepage.

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Oberlin Historical Research Bibliography

Bibliography: Historical Research (Web page)

Bibliography: Historical Research (Printable PDF file)
To view PDF files, you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader
Don't have Adobe Acrobat Reader? Download it here.

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